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🗓️ MongoDB: Date Aggregation Operators

MongoDB provides powerful Date Aggregation Operators that allow you to manipulate and extract components such as year, month, day, hour, and more from date fields. These operators are essential when performing time-based analytics, formatting dates, and creating reports.

📚 Initial Data Setup — students (dob as string)

Example01

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.insertMany([
2  { _id: 1, name: 'Akshay Kumar', dob: 'jan 10 2010' },
3  { _id: 2, name: 'Salman Khan', dob: '2010-02-03' },
4  { _id: 3, name: 'Deepika Padukone', dob: 'june 15 2010' }
5]);

Query Result

JSON Output

✅ 3 student documents inserted successfully.

📘 Initial Data Setup — students3 (dob as ISODate)

Example02

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.insertMany([
2  { _id: 1, name: 'Akshay Kumar', dob: ISODate('2010-01-10T05:30:00Z') },
3  { _id: 2, name: 'Salman Khan', dob: ISODate('2010-02-03T14:45:20Z') }
4]);

Query Result

JSON Output

✅ 2 student documents inserted successfully.

1️⃣ $hour — Extract Hour (0–23)

Example03

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, hour: { $hour: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", hour: 5 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", hour: 14 }

2️⃣ $minute — Extract Minute (0–59)

Example04

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, minute: { $minute: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", minute: 30 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", minute: 45 }

3️⃣ $second — Extract Second (0–59)

Example05

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, second: { $second: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", second: 0 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", second: 20 }

4️⃣ $millisecond — Extract Milliseconds (0–999)

Example06

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, ms: { $millisecond: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", ms: 0 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", ms: 0 }

5️⃣ $dayOfMonth — Day of Month (1–31)

Example07

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfMonth: { $dayOfMonth: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfMonth: 10 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfMonth: 3 }

6️⃣ $dayOfWeek — Day of Week (1=Sunday…7=Saturday)

Example08

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfWeek: { $dayOfWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfWeek: 1 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfWeek: 4 }

7️⃣ $dayOfYear — Day of Year (1–366)

Example09

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfYear: { $dayOfYear: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfYear: 10 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfYear: 34 }

8️⃣ $week — Week of Year (1–53)

Example10

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, week: { $week: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", week: 2 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", week: 5 }

9️⃣ $isoWeek — ISO Week (1–53)

Example11

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoWeek: { $isoWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoWeek: 2 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoWeek: 5 }

🔟 $isoWeekYear — ISO Week-Year

Example12

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoWeekYear: { $isoWeekYear: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoWeekYear: 2010 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoWeekYear: 2010 }

1️⃣1️⃣ $isoDayOfWeek — ISO Day of Week (1=Mon…7=Sun)

Example13

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoDayOfWeek: { $isoDayOfWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoDayOfWeek: 7 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoDayOfWeek: 4 }

1️⃣2️⃣ $month — Month (1–12)

Example14

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, month: { $month: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", month: 1 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", month: 2 }

1️⃣3️⃣ $year — Year (e.g., 2010)

Example15

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, year: { $year: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", year: 2010 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", year: 2010 }

1️⃣4️⃣ $dateFromString — Parse String to Date

Example16

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      dobDate: {
6        $dateFromString: { dateString: '$dob', format: '%b %d %Y' }
7      }
8    }
9  }
10]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dobDate: ISODate("2010-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ name: "Deepika Padukone", dobDate: ISODate("2010-06-15T00:00:00Z") }

1️⃣5️⃣ $dateToString — Format Date as String

Example17

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      dobStr: { $dateToString: { date: '$dob', format: '%Y-%m-%d' } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dobStr: "2010-01-10" }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dobStr: "2010-02-03" }

1️⃣6️⃣ $dateFromParts — Build a Date from Components

Example18

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students2.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      _id: 0,
5      constructed: {
6        $dateFromParts: { year: 2020, month: 12, day: 25, hour: 10, minute: 0 }
7      }
8    }
9  }
10]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ constructed: ISODate("2020-12-25T10:00:00Z") }

1️⃣7️⃣ $dateToParts — Decompose a Date

Example19

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, parts: { $dateToParts: { date: '$dob', timezone: 'UTC' } } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", parts: { year:2010, month:1, day:10, hour:5, minute:30, second:0, millisecond:0 } }

1️⃣8️⃣ $toDate — Convert Value to Date

Example20

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dobIso: { $toDate: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Salman Khan", dobIso: ISODate("2010-02-03T00:00:00Z") }

1️⃣9️⃣ $dateAdd — Add Time to a Date

Example21

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      plusOneWeek: { $dateAdd: { startDate: '$dob', unit: 'week', amount: 1 } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", plusOneWeek: ISODate("2010-01-17T05:30:00Z") }

2️⃣0️⃣ $dateSubtract — Subtract Time from a Date

Example22

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      minusOneDay: { $dateSubtract: { startDate: '$dob', unit: 'day', amount: 1 } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Salman Khan", minusOneDay: ISODate("2010-02-02T14:45:20Z") }

2️⃣1️⃣ $dateDiff — Difference Between Dates

Example23

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      diffDays: {
5        $dateDiff: {
6          startDate: ISODate("2010-01-01"),
7          endDate: '$dob',
8          unit: 'day'
9        }
10      }
11    }
12  }
13]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ diffDays: 9 }
{ diffDays: 33 }

2️⃣2️⃣ $dateTrunc — Truncate Date to Unit

Example24

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      monthStart: { $dateTrunc: { date: '$dob', unit: 'month' } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", monthStart: ISODate("2010-01-01T00:00:00Z") }

MongoDB

Nearby lessons

🗓️ MongoDB: Date Aggregation Operators

01📚 Initial Data Setup — students (dob as string)

02📘 Initial Data Setup — students3 (dob as ISODate)

031️⃣ $hour — Extract Hour (0–23)

042️⃣ $minute — Extract Minute (0–59)

053️⃣ $second — Extract Second (0–59)

064️⃣ $millisecond — Extract Milliseconds (0–999)

075️⃣ $dayOfMonth — Day of Month (1–31)

086️⃣ $dayOfWeek — Day of Week (1=Sunday…7=Saturday)

097️⃣ $dayOfYear — Day of Year (1–366)

108️⃣ $week — Week of Year (1–53)

119️⃣ $isoWeek — ISO Week (1–53)

12🔟 $isoWeekYear — ISO Week-Year

131️⃣1️⃣ $isoDayOfWeek — ISO Day of Week (1=Mon…7=Sun)

141️⃣2️⃣ $month — Month (1–12)

151️⃣3️⃣ $year — Year (e.g., 2010)

161️⃣4️⃣ $dateFromString — Parse String to Date

171️⃣5️⃣ $dateToString — Format Date as String

181️⃣6️⃣ $dateFromParts — Build a Date from Components

191️⃣7️⃣ $dateToParts — Decompose a Date

201️⃣8️⃣ $toDate — Convert Value to Date

211️⃣9️⃣ $dateAdd — Add Time to a Date

222️⃣0️⃣ $dateSubtract — Subtract Time from a Date

232️⃣1️⃣ $dateDiff — Difference Between Dates

242️⃣2️⃣ $dateTrunc — Truncate Date to Unit

📚 Initial Data Setup — students (dob as string)

📘 Initial Data Setup — students3 (dob as ISODate)

1️⃣ $hour — Extract Hour (0–23)

2️⃣ $minute — Extract Minute (0–59)

3️⃣ $second — Extract Second (0–59)

4️⃣ $millisecond — Extract Milliseconds (0–999)

5️⃣ $dayOfMonth — Day of Month (1–31)

6️⃣ $dayOfWeek — Day of Week (1=Sunday…7=Saturday)

7️⃣ $dayOfYear — Day of Year (1–366)

8️⃣ $week — Week of Year (1–53)

9️⃣ $isoWeek — ISO Week (1–53)

🔟 $isoWeekYear — ISO Week-Year

1️⃣1️⃣ $isoDayOfWeek — ISO Day of Week (1=Mon…7=Sun)

1️⃣2️⃣ $month — Month (1–12)

1️⃣3️⃣ $year — Year (e.g., 2010)

1️⃣4️⃣ $dateFromString — Parse String to Date

1️⃣5️⃣ $dateToString — Format Date as String

1️⃣6️⃣ $dateFromParts — Build a Date from Components

1️⃣7️⃣ $dateToParts — Decompose a Date

1️⃣8️⃣ $toDate — Convert Value to Date

1️⃣9️⃣ $dateAdd — Add Time to a Date

2️⃣0️⃣ $dateSubtract — Subtract Time from a Date

2️⃣1️⃣ $dateDiff — Difference Between Dates

2️⃣2️⃣ $dateTrunc — Truncate Date to Unit