MongoDB: Date Aggregation Operators | MongoDB Tutorial

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🗓️ MongoDB: Date Aggregation Operators

MongoDB provides powerful Date Aggregation Operators that allow you to manipulate and extract components such as year, month, day, hour, and more from date fields. These operators are essential when performing time-based analytics, formatting dates, and creating reports.

📚 Initial Data Setup — students (dob as string)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.insertMany([
2  { _id: 1, name: 'Akshay Kumar', dob: 'jan 10 2010' },
3  { _id: 2, name: 'Salman Khan', dob: '2010-02-03' },
4  { _id: 3, name: 'Deepika Padukone', dob: 'june 15 2010' }
5]);

Query Result

JSON Output

✅ 3 student documents inserted successfully.

📘 Initial Data Setup — students3 (dob as ISODate)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.insertMany([
2  { _id: 1, name: 'Akshay Kumar', dob: ISODate('2010-01-10T05:30:00Z') },
3  { _id: 2, name: 'Salman Khan', dob: ISODate('2010-02-03T14:45:20Z') }
4]);

Query Result

JSON Output

✅ 2 student documents inserted successfully.

1️⃣ $hour — Extract Hour (0–23)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, hour: { $hour: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", hour: 5 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", hour: 14 }

2️⃣ $minute — Extract Minute (0–59)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, minute: { $minute: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", minute: 30 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", minute: 45 }

3️⃣ $second — Extract Second (0–59)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, second: { $second: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", second: 0 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", second: 20 }

4️⃣ $millisecond — Extract Milliseconds (0–999)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, ms: { $millisecond: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", ms: 0 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", ms: 0 }

5️⃣ $dayOfMonth — Day of Month (1–31)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfMonth: { $dayOfMonth: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfMonth: 10 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfMonth: 3 }

6️⃣ $dayOfWeek — Day of Week (1=Sunday…7=Saturday)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfWeek: { $dayOfWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfWeek: 1 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfWeek: 4 }

7️⃣ $dayOfYear — Day of Year (1–366)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dayOfYear: { $dayOfYear: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dayOfYear: 10 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dayOfYear: 34 }

8️⃣ $week — Week of Year (1–53)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, week: { $week: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", week: 2 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", week: 5 }

9️⃣ $isoWeek — ISO Week (1–53)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoWeek: { $isoWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoWeek: 2 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoWeek: 5 }

🔟 $isoWeekYear — ISO Week-Year

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoWeekYear: { $isoWeekYear: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoWeekYear: 2010 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoWeekYear: 2010 }

1️⃣1️⃣ $isoDayOfWeek — ISO Day of Week (1=Mon…7=Sun)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, isoDayOfWeek: { $isoDayOfWeek: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", isoDayOfWeek: 7 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", isoDayOfWeek: 4 }

1️⃣2️⃣ $month — Month (1–12)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, month: { $month: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", month: 1 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", month: 2 }

1️⃣3️⃣ $year — Year (e.g., 2010)

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, year: { $year: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", year: 2010 }
{ name: "Salman Khan", year: 2010 }

1️⃣4️⃣ $dateFromString — Parse String to Date

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      dobDate: {
6        $dateFromString: { dateString: '$dob', format: '%b %d %Y' }
7      }
8    }
9  }
10]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dobDate: ISODate("2010-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ name: "Deepika Padukone", dobDate: ISODate("2010-06-15T00:00:00Z") }

1️⃣5️⃣ $dateToString — Format Date as String

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      dobStr: { $dateToString: { date: '$dob', format: '%Y-%m-%d' } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", dobStr: "2010-01-10" }
{ name: "Salman Khan", dobStr: "2010-02-03" }

1️⃣6️⃣ $dateFromParts — Build a Date from Components

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students2.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      _id: 0,
5      constructed: {
6        $dateFromParts: { year: 2020, month: 12, day: 25, hour: 10, minute: 0 }
7      }
8    }
9  }
10]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ constructed: ISODate("2020-12-25T10:00:00Z") }

1️⃣7️⃣ $dateToParts — Decompose a Date

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, parts: { $dateToParts: { date: '$dob', timezone: 'UTC' } } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", parts: { year:2010, month:1, day:10, hour:5, minute:30, second:0, millisecond:0 } }

1️⃣8️⃣ $toDate — Convert Value to Date

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students.aggregate([
2  { $project: { name: 1, dobIso: { $toDate: '$dob' } } }
3]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Salman Khan", dobIso: ISODate("2010-02-03T00:00:00Z") }

1️⃣9️⃣ $dateAdd — Add Time to a Date

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      plusOneWeek: { $dateAdd: { startDate: '$dob', unit: 'week', amount: 1 } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", plusOneWeek: ISODate("2010-01-17T05:30:00Z") }

2️⃣0️⃣ $dateSubtract — Subtract Time from a Date

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      minusOneDay: { $dateSubtract: { startDate: '$dob', unit: 'day', amount: 1 } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Salman Khan", minusOneDay: ISODate("2010-02-02T14:45:20Z") }

2️⃣1️⃣ $dateDiff — Difference Between Dates

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      diffDays: {
5        $dateDiff: {
6          startDate: ISODate("2010-01-01"),
7          endDate: '$dob',
8          unit: 'day'
9        }
10      }
11    }
12  }
13]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ diffDays: 9 }
{ diffDays: 33 }

2️⃣2️⃣ $dateTrunc — Truncate Date to Unit

MongoDB Shell

NoSQL

Database

1db.students3.aggregate([
2  {
3    $project: {
4      name: 1,
5      monthStart: { $dateTrunc: { date: '$dob', unit: 'month' } }
6    }
7  }
8]);

Query Result

JSON Output

{ name: "Akshay Kumar", monthStart: ISODate("2010-01-01T00:00:00Z") }

Keep Going!MongoDB - Array Operators

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Nearby lessons

🗓️ MongoDB: Date Aggregation Operators

📚 Initial Data Setup — students (dob as string)

📘 Initial Data Setup — students3 (dob as ISODate)

1️⃣ $hour — Extract Hour (0–23)

2️⃣ $minute — Extract Minute (0–59)

3️⃣ $second — Extract Second (0–59)

4️⃣ $millisecond — Extract Milliseconds (0–999)

5️⃣ $dayOfMonth — Day of Month (1–31)

6️⃣ $dayOfWeek — Day of Week (1=Sunday…7=Saturday)

7️⃣ $dayOfYear — Day of Year (1–366)

8️⃣ $week — Week of Year (1–53)

9️⃣ $isoWeek — ISO Week (1–53)

🔟 $isoWeekYear — ISO Week-Year

1️⃣1️⃣ $isoDayOfWeek — ISO Day of Week (1=Mon…7=Sun)

1️⃣2️⃣ $month — Month (1–12)

1️⃣3️⃣ $year — Year (e.g., 2010)

1️⃣4️⃣ $dateFromString — Parse String to Date

1️⃣5️⃣ $dateToString — Format Date as String

1️⃣6️⃣ $dateFromParts — Build a Date from Components

1️⃣7️⃣ $dateToParts — Decompose a Date

1️⃣8️⃣ $toDate — Convert Value to Date

1️⃣9️⃣ $dateAdd — Add Time to a Date

2️⃣0️⃣ $dateSubtract — Subtract Time from a Date

2️⃣1️⃣ $dateDiff — Difference Between Dates

2️⃣2️⃣ $dateTrunc — Truncate Date to Unit