MongoDB is a NoSQL (non-relational) database. It stores data in a JSON-like format called BSON.

A Database is a collection of data stored in a format that can easily be accessed.

• SQL Databases: Relational databases using SQL (Structured Query Language)
• NoSQL Databases: Non-relational, schema-flexible databases like MongoDB

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation):

• String
• Number
• Boolean
• Array
• Object
• Null

BSON (Binary JSON):

• String
• Double
• 32-bit Integer
• 64-bit Integer
• Boolean
• Array
• Object
• Null
• Regular Expression
• Timestamp
• Date
• ObjectId

• Format: JSON → Text-based (human-readable), BSON → Binary (not human-readable)
• Size: JSON → Larger due to text overhead, BSON → More compact
• Speed: JSON → Slower to parse and write, BSON → Faster to parse and write
• Usage: JSON → Web APIs and data exchange, BSON → MongoDB and database storage with rich data types