Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions.

The result of logical operators is generally a Boolean value:

• True
• False

Operator	Meaning
and	Logical AND
or	Logical OR
not	Logical NOT

The and operator returns True only when both conditions are True.

If any one condition is False, the result becomes False.

Condition 1	Condition 2	Result
True	True	True
True	False	False
False	True	False
False	False	False

The first condition a < b is True.

The second condition b > 10 is also True.

Since both conditions are True, the final result is True.

The first condition is True.

The second condition 20 < 10 is False.

Since one condition is False, the final result is False.

The or operator returns True if at least one condition is True.

Condition 1	Condition 2	Result
True	True	True
True	False	True
False	True	True
False	False	False

The first condition a > b is False.

The second condition b > 10 is True.

Since one condition is True, the final result is True.

Both conditions are False.

Therefore, the final result is False.

The not operator reverses a Boolean value.

Input	Result
True	False
False	True

The condition a > 5 is True.

The not operator reverses it to False.

In Python:

• 0 is treated as False.
• Any non-zero value is treated as True.

AND Operator:

• Returns the first False value.
• If all values are True, it returns the last value.

OR Operator:

• Returns the first True value.
• If all values are False, it returns the last value.

Python supports Short Circuit Evaluation.

If the final result can be determined from the first condition, Python does not evaluate the remaining conditions.

The first value is False.

Python already knows the final result will be False, so it skips evaluating 10 / 0.

The first value is True.

Python skips the second expression because the final result is already known.

AND	OR
Both conditions must be True.	At least one condition must be True.

Logical operators are commonly used in:

• Login systems
• Decision making
• Input validation
• Searching
• Filtering data

• Logical operators combine multiple conditions.
• The result is generally True or False.
• Python supports short circuit evaluation.
• The not operator reverses a Boolean value.
• When used with numbers, 0 is treated as False and non-zero values are treated as True.

Operator	Purpose
and	Both conditions must be True.
or	At least one condition must be True.
not	Reverses a Boolean value.